---
title: IV.E. Right to Presumption of Innocence until Proven Guilty
description: "Our global network of contributors to the [*AI & Human Rights Index*](https://aiethicslab.rutgers.edu/index/) is currently writing these articles and glossary entries. This particular page is currently in the recruitment and research stage. Please return later to see where this page is in the [editorial…"
url: "https://aiethicslab.rutgers.edu/Docs/iv-e-innocence/"
updated: "2025-04-25"
category: • Introduction / IV. Justice
---

# IV.E. Right to Presumption of Innocence until Proven Guilty

Our global network of contributors to the [*AI & Human Rights Index*](https://aiethicslab.rutgers.edu/index/) is currently writing these articles and glossary entries. This particular page is currently in the recruitment and research stage. Please return later to see where this page is in the [editorial workflow](https://aiethicslab.rutgers.edu/index/editors-desk/). Thank you! We look forward to learning with and from you.

---

[Insert statement of urgency and significance for why this right relates to AI.]

# **Sectors**

The contributors of the *AI & Human Rights Index* have identified the following sectors as responsible for both using AI to protect and advance this human right.

- [DEF: Defense and Military](https://aiethicslab.rutgers.edu/glossary/def/)
- [GOV: Government and Public Sector](https://aiethicslab.rutgers.edu/glossary/gov/)
- [INTL: International Organizations and Relations](https://aiethicslab.rutgers.edu/glossary/intl/)
- [LAW: Legal and Law Enforcement](https://aiethicslab.rutgers.edu/glossary/law/)
- [REG: Regulatory and Oversight Bodies](https://aiethicslab.rutgers.edu/glossary/reg/)

# AI’s Potential Violations

[Insert 300- to 500-word analysis of how AI could violate this human right.]

# AI’s Potential Benefits

[Insert 300- to 500-word analysis of how AI could advance this human right.]

# Human Rights Instruments

## Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948)

G.A. Res. 217 (III) A, [Universal Declaration of Human Rights](https://aiethicslab.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/ARES217-A-III.pdf), U.N. Doc. A/RES/217(III) (Dec. 10, 1948)

Article 11

> 1. Everyone charged with a penal offence has the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law in a public trial at which he has had all the guarantees necessary for his defence.
>
>
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> 2. No one shall be held guilty of any penal offence on account of any act or omission which did not constitute a penal offence, under national or international law, at the time when it was committed. Nor shall a heavier penalty be imposed than the one that was applicable at the time the penal offence was committed.

## International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1966)

G.A. Res. 2200A (XXI), [International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights,](https://aiethicslab.rutgers.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/ARES2200-A-XXI-ICCPR.pdf) U.N. Doc. A/6316 (1966), 999 U.N.T.S. 171 (Dec. 16, 1966)

Article 14

> 2. Everyone charged with a criminal offence shall have the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law.

    [1.0 Research](https://aiethicslab.rutgers.edu/index/editors-desk/)   [2.0 Curate](https://aiethicslab.rutgers.edu/index/editors-desk/)   [3.0 Review](https://aiethicslab.rutgers.edu/index/editors-desk/)   [4.0 Revise](https://aiethicslab.rutgers.edu/index/editors-desk/)   [5.0 Published](https://aiethicslab.rutgers.edu/index/editors-desk/)

**Last Updated:**  April 4, 2025

**Research Assistant:**  Aadith Muthukumar

**Contributor:**  To Be Determined

**Reviewer:**  To Be Determined

**Editor:**  Dirk Brand

**Subject:**  Human Right

**Edition:**  Edition 1.0 Research

**Recommended Citation:**  "IV.E. Right to Presumption of Innocence until Proven Guilty, Edition 1.0 Research." In *[AI & Human Rights Index](https://aiethicslab.rutgers.edu/index)*, edited by Nathan C. Walker, Dirk Brand, Caitlin Corrigan, Georgina Curto Rex, Alexander Kriebitz, John Maldonado, Kanshukan Rajaratnam, Tanya de Villiers-Botha, and Hisham Zawil. New York: All Tech is Human; Camden, NJ: AI Ethics Lab at Rutgers University, 2026. Accessed October 22, 2026. [https://aiethicslab.rutgers.edu/Docs/iv-e-innocence/](https://aiethicslab.rutgers.edu/Docs/iv-e-innocence/).