Glossary – AI Ethics Lab

Ability to Appeal

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Ability to Restrict Processing

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Accountability

Accountability refers to the professional and legal standards determining who is responsible and legally liable...

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Adversarial Exemplars

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Agency

Human agency refers to a person’s capacity to make autonomous decisions and exercise control or...

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AI & Hiring

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AI Agents

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AI as Infrastructure

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AI Ethics

Defining the field.

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AI Lifecycle

AI Lifecycle refers to the comprehensive process through which artificial intelligence (AI) systems are designed,...

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AI TRiSM

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Algorithm

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Algorithmic Bias

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Algorithmic Fairness Testing Tools

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Allocative Harms

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Anonymization

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Anthropomorphism

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ART: Arts and Culture

The Arts and Culture sector encompasses organizations, institutions, and individuals involved in the creation, preservation,...

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Artificial General Intelligence

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Artificial Intelligence

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Asilomar AI Principles

The Asilomar AI Principles are a set of 23 guidelines formulated in January 2017 by...

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Attribution

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Audit Points

Audit Points in the AI Lifecycle. Draft: “Audit points are critical checkpoints within the AI...

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Auditing Algorithms

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Augmentation v. Automation

In the field of artificial intelligence (AI), "augmentation" and "automation" are two distinct concepts that...

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Automated Decision Systems

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Automated Machine Learning

Automated Machine Learning (AutoML) refers to the process of automating the application of machine learning...

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Automating Tasks, Not Jobs

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Autonomous Vehicles

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Autonomous Weapons

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Autonomy

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Bayesian Inference

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Belmont Report

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Beneficence

Beneficence, the principle of doing good, complements the ethic of nonmaleficence—do no harm. Beneficence is a...

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Bias

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Big Data

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Biometrics

Biometrics refers to the automated recognition of individuals based on their unique physiological and behavioral...

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Black Box

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Brain Data

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Bullying

Bullying in AI refers to the misuse or manipulation of artificial intelligence technologies, particularly generative...

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BUS: Business Sectors

The Business Sectors encompass a wide range of industries and enterprises engaged in commercial, industrial,...

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California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA)

The California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) is a state statute intended to enhance privacy rights...

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Catastrophic Forgetting

Catastrophic forgetting, also known as catastrophic interference, is a phenomenon in artificial neural networks where...

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Chatbot

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CIA Triad

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Co-intelligence

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Cognitive Computing

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Cognitive Liberty

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Colorado Consumer Protections for Artificial Intelligence (SB 24-205)

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COM: Media and Communication

The Media and Communication sector encompasses organizations, platforms, and individuals involved in the creation, dissemination,...

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Common Sense Open-Ended Plausible Answers (COPA)

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Computer Vision

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Consent

Consent is the ethical commitment to ensure that a person freely and knowingly gives permission...

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Constitutional AI

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Consumer Protection and Advocacy (CPA)

The Consumer Protection and Advocacy sector encompasses organizations and entities dedicated to safeguarding the rights...

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Content Credentials

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Contextual Integrity

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Control

Fjeld, Achten, Hilligoss, Nagy, Srikumar write, “Control over the use of data” as a principle...

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Data

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Data Augmentation

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Data Mining

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Data Protection Officers

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Data Science

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Data-centric Engineering

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Database

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Decision Networks

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Deep Learning

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Deep Reinforcement Learning

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Deepfake

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DEF: Defense and Military

The Defense and Military sector encompasses all national efforts related to the protection of a...

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Deterministic Algorithm

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Dictionary Learning

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Diffusion

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Digital Citizenship

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Digital Exclusion

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Digital Pulse Processing

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Digital Twin

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Dignity

Human dignity refers to the inherent worth and respect that every individual possesses, irrespective of...

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Discriminative AI

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Disparate Impact

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Disparate Treatment

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EDU: Education and Research

The Education and Research sector encompasses institutions and organizations dedicated to teaching, learning, and scholarly...

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Emergent Behavior

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Emotion Detection

Design thinking for AI.

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End-to-End Learning

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ENV: Environmental and Energy

The Environmental and Energy sector encompasses organizations and entities involved in managing natural resources, producing...

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Environmental Responsibility

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Equality

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Ethics Washing

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Evaluation

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Explainability

Explainability in the context of artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the ability to provide clear...

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eXplainable AI (XAI)

eXplainable AI (XAI) are AI systems that provide clear, understandable insights into how they reach...

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Explicability

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Fairness

Fairness refers to the equitable and impartial treatment of individuals and groups by artificial intelligence...

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FIN: Financial Services

The Financial Services sector encompasses institutions and organizations involved in managing money, providing financial products,...

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Fine Tuning

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Foundation Model

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Freedom

Freedom and autonomy in the context of artificial intelligence (AI) refer to the principles that...

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Gaslighting

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General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)

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General Intelligence

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Generation 1

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Generation 2

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Generation 3

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Generations of Human Rights

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Generative Adversarial Network (GAN)

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Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI)

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Generative Machine Learning

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Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT)

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GOV: Government and Public Sector

The Government and Public Sector encompasses all institutions and organizations that are part of the...

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Guardrails

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Hallucination

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Helpful, Honest, Harmless (HHH)

HHH. “Triple H” or the “Three H’s”, in the context of AI ethics and design...

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HLTH: Healthcare and Public Health

The Healthcare and Public Health sector encompasses all organizations and entities involved in delivering health...

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Horizontal Legislation

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Human Alternatives

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Human Control

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Human Oversight

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Human-in-the-Loop (HITL)

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Image Generation

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Impact Assessments

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Inclusiveness in Design

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Inclusiveness in Impact

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Insecure Output Handling

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Intelligence

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International Fact-Checking Network (IFCN)

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Interpretable Machine Learning

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INTL: International Organizations and Relations

The International Organizations and Relations sector encompasses entities that operate across national borders to address...

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Invisibility Factor

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Justice

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K-anonymity

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Lantern Laws

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Large Language Models (LLMs)

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LAW: Legal and Law Enforcement

The Legal and Law Enforcement sector encompasses institutions and organizations responsible for upholding the law,...

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Liability and Legal Responsibility

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Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations (LIME)

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Machine Learning

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Machine Unlearning

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Manipulation

See Manipulation and Deception in Belmont Report.

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Memorization

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Metadata

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Microsoft’s Datasheets for Datasets

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Microtargeting

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Misinformation Susceptibility Test (MIST)

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Model Denial of Service (Model DoS)

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Monitoring Body

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Moral Distance in AI

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Moralizing Technologies

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Multi-Agent System (MAS)

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Multimodal AI

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Natural Language Processing (NLP)

Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a subfield of artificial intelligence (AI) that focuses on the...

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Neural Network

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Neuro-Symbolic AI

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Neurosurveillance

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Neurotechnology

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Non-discrimination

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Nonmaleficence

Nonmaleficence, the principle of mitigating harm, complements the ethic of beneficence, the principle of doing good....

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Notice

Notice, or notification, in the context of artificial intelligence (AI), refers to the principle that...

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Notice / Notification

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Opacity

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Open Government Procurement

Open Government Procurement refers to the principle that governments should be transparent and accountable in...

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Open Source

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Operative Autonomy

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Overfitting

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Panopticon

The Panopticon, when applied to the ethics of artificial intelligence (AI), refers to a metaphorical...

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Parameters

In the context of artificial intelligence (AI), particularly in machine learning and deep learning, parameters...

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Penetration Testing

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Personal Data Processing

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Personally Identifiable Information (PII)

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Plagiaristic Outputs

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Pre-training

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Predictability

Predictability in AI ensures that systems produce consistent outcomes aligned with their inputs and design...

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Predictive Analytics

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Predictive Justice

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Predictive Policing

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Privacy

Privacy in artificial intelligence (AI) is the principle that AI systems must respect individuals' rights...

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Privacy by Design

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Privacy Lifecycle

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Professional Responsibility

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Profiling

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Promotion, Alignment of Human Values

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Prompt Injection

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Prompting Process, Prompt Chaining

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Pseudonymization

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Q-learning

A reinforcement learning algorithm that enables an agent to learn the value of actions in...

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RAISE Benchmarks

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Recommends Adoption of New Regulations

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Recommends Data Protection Laws

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Red Teaming

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REG: Regulatory and Oversight Bodies

The Regulatory and Oversight Bodies sector encompasses organizations responsible for creating, implementing, and enforcing regulations,...

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Regular Reporting

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Regulatory Capture in the Context of AI Ethics

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Reinforcement Learning

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Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF)

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Remedy

A remedy for automated decision refers to the mechanisms and processes established to address and...

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Remedy for Automated Decision

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Representative Data

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Reproducibility

Reproducibility in artificial intelligence (AI) ethics and law refers to the ability to replicate an...

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Responsible AI Safety and Effectiveness (RAISE) Benchmarks

The Responsible AI Safety and Effectiveness (RAISE) Benchmarks are a comprehensive set of criteria and...

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Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)

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Right to Erasure

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Right to Information

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Right to Rectification

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Risk Shifting

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Risks in Business

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Robot

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Robot Tax

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Robotics

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Safety

Safety in artificial intelligence (AI) refers to ensuring that AI systems function reliably and as...

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Safety and Security

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Security

Security in artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the principle that AI systems must be designed...

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Security by Design

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Self-determination

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Self-Governing AI

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Self-Reflection Technology

Coined by Dr. Nathan C. Walker, the principal investigator of the AI Ethics Lab at...

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Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP)

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Silent Evaluation

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Singularity

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Situational Awareness

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Small Language Models (SLMs)

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SOC: Social Services and Housing

The Social Services and Housing sector encompasses organizations and agencies dedicated to providing support, assistance,...

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Social Scoring, Unitary Scoring

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Social Sorting

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Solidarity

Solidarity in AI ethics and law is an ethical commitment to ensuring that AI technologies...

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Solutions Scholarship in AI

“When I was a boy and I would see scary things in the news, my...

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Stochastic Parrot

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Style Transfer

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Superintelligence Alignment

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Supervised Learning

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Supervised learning v. Prompt-based AI

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Surrogate Decision Trees

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Surveillance

Surveillance refers to the systematic monitoring, collection, and analysis of data regarding individuals or groups,...

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Surveillance Capitalism

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Sustainability

Sustainability, in the context of AI ethics and law, is the principle that artificial intelligence...

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Synthetic Data

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Synthetic Media

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TECH: Technology and IT

The Technology and IT sector encompasses companies and organizations involved in the development, production, and...

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Temperature

Temperature in the context of artificial intelligence (AI), particularly in generative models like language models,...

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Text-to-Image Generation

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Training Data

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Training Data Poisoning

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Training Stages

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TRAN: Transportation and Infrastructure

The Transportation and Infrastructure sector encompasses organizations and entities involved in the movement of people...

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Transformer Model & Transformers

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Transparency

Transparency in artificial intelligence (AI) is the principle that AI systems should be designed, developed,...

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Transparency, Explainability, Contestability (TEC)

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Trolley Problem

Trolley Problem is a classic ethical thought experiment that raises questions about moral decision-making and...

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Trust

Trust in artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the confidence users and stakeholders have in the...

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Trustworthiness

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Turing Test

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Unsupervised Learning

Unsupervised Learning is a type of machine learning, a subset of artificial intelligence (AI), where...

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Value Sensitive Design

Value Sensitive Design (VSD) is an approach to technology development that systematically incorporates human values...

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Values Alignment

Values alignment is the principle of ensuring that artificial intelligence (AI) systems operate in ways...

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Variational Autoencoder (VAE)

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Verifiability

Verifiability in artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the principle that AI systems should be designed...

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Vulnerable Populations

Vulnerable populations identified in human rights instruments include children, women, racial and ethnic minorities, indigenous...

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Weak AI (Narrow AI)

Weak AI, also known as Narrow AI, refers to artificial intelligence systems designed to perform...

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WORK: Employment and Labor

The Employment and Labor sector encompasses organizations, institutions, and entities involved in the facilitation of...

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Yielding AI Systems

Yielding AI Systems are designed to defer to human judgment or control, especially in critical...

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Zero-Shot Learning (ZSL)

Zero-Shot Learning (ZSL) is a machine learning paradigm in artificial intelligence (AI) where a model...

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